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Venera 12 Descent Craft
Venera 11 and Venera 12 were identical spacecraft built for the September 1978 Venus launch window. Venera 12 Descent Craft was launched on September 14, 1978 aboard a Proton-K/D-1 from Baikonur. Latest status in GCAT: left for deep space attached to another object (Sep 14, 1978).
COSPAR 1978-086CNORAD 12028Soviet Union
Identity
- Name in GCAT
- SA Veneri-12
- Common name
- Venera 12 Descent Craft
- Payload designation
- SA
- International designator
- 1978-086C
- NORAD catalog number
- 12028
- GCAT identifier
- S12028
Mission
- Mission type
- Deep space
- Use
- Civil government
- Program
- 4V-1 SA
- Owner
- IKI
- Country
- Soviet Union
- Builder
- NPO Lavochkin
- Platform (bus)
- Venera SA
Launch
- Date
- September 14, 1978 · 02:25 UTC
- Launch record
- 1978-086Success
- Rocket
- Proton-K/D-1
- Spaceport
- Baikonur · pad LC81/24
Orbit and fate
- Orbit class (GCAT)
- EEO
- Perigee
- 180 km
- Inclination
- 51.51°
- Status
- Left for deep space attached to another object
- Status date
- September 14, 1978
- Last known active
- Dec 21, 1978
- End of operations
- Dec 21, 1978
Size
- Mass
- 675 kg
- Dry mass
- 675 kg
- Total mass with attached objects
- 1,645 kg
- Length
- 2.0 m
- Diameter
- 1.00 m
- Span
- 2.0 m
Deep space
- Deep-space catalog entry
- D00614
- Final central body
- Venus
- Phase start
- December 18, 1978
- Phase outcome
- Released · December 19, 1978
Flight phases
| From | Central body | Ended | Outcome | Next |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 14, 1978 | Earth | Sep 18, 1978 | Escaped to another body, attached | HCO |
| Dec 19, 1978 | Venus | Dec 21, 1978 | Landed | Venus |
Landings and impacts
| World | Type | Result | Touchdown | Site | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venus | Lander (parachute) | Landed and operated | Dec 21, 1978 | — | -7.00, 294.00 |
Launched together
Source: GCAT payload, deep-space and lander catalogs, Jonathan C. McDowell (CC BY 4.0); Wikidata Q113136544 (CC0).